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浅水近海区域波流载荷复杂，铺设在浅水的大口径管道在水动力载荷作用下易发生失稳。为减少管道所受水动力载荷，实际工程中常见的做法是将管道铺设在预先开挖的管沟内。管沟通过降低流速，对放置在其中的管道起到掩护效应。掩护效果取决于管沟的形状，包括沟底宽、边坡比和沟深等。现有规范(DNV-RP F109)和导则(PRCI)采用水动力折减系数预估管沟的掩护效应，但由于受限于挖深、沟底宽和边坡比等管沟几何参数，这些预估方法在实际工程中不适用。针对浅水近海管道铺设常见的大挖深(大于1 D)管沟，开展了一系列不同沟型管沟在稳态和非稳态流动下的二维数值模拟研究，验证了数值模拟结果的准确性，同时归纳了不同海况及管沟形状对管道水动力的影响规律，拟合了水动力折减系数的回归方程，为管道结构设计与挖沟方案制定提供参考。
Abstract：Large-diameter pipelines in shallow water are prone to instability under complex wave and current loads. Laying pipelines into pre-excavated trenches is a common engineering practice to reduce the hydrodynamic loads acting on them. The trenches provide a shielding effect for the pipelines placed within them by reducing flow velocities. The shielding effectiveness depends on the trench geometry, including trench bottom width, slope ratio, and trench depth. To estimate the shielding effect, hydrodynamic reduction coefficients have been introduced in the existing standard(DNV-RP F109) and guideline(PRCI). However, due to limitations in geometric parameters such as excavation depth, bottom width, and slope ratio, these estimation methods are often not applicable in practical engineering scenarios. Consequently, a series of two-dimensional numerical simulations of different trench shapes under steady and unsteady flows was conducted for trenches with deep excavations(greater than 1D) typically used in shallow offshore pipeline installations. The accuracy of these numerical simulations was verified through experimental results. The influence of different sea conditions and trench geometries on the hydrodynamic forces acting on pipelines was summarized, and regression equations for hydrodynamic reduction coefficients were derived to support pipeline structural design and trenching strategies.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:P756.2
引用信息:
[1]邵强,於增月,杨泽亮,等.浅水大挖深管沟水动力掩护效应的预测方法[J].水道港口,2026,47(02):197-205.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(U1906231)
2026-04-28
2026-04-28